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You are the Network Administrator for a startup company that has been granted a new block of addresses starting with the address.
Marketing needs 65 addresses
Accounting needs 100 addresses
Head Office needs 33 addresses and,
Customer Services needs 13 addresses.
Create the 4 subnets. For each subnet, list the subnet or first address, the last address, and the subnet mask in CIDR format. Show your calculations for all subnets, briefly showing how you arrived at the sub-block addresses. How many addresses are left unallocated Show your calculation.
An IP datagram 5,600 bytes long (including header with no options) arrives at a router, which determines that the next destination has an MTU of 1,500 bytes. Answer the following questions, showing your calculations and reasoning.
Hints: Working out part (a) can be a fiddly (messy) exercise and you may find it helpful to use a spreadsheet to work out appropriate sizes and offsets. Remember that the offset needs to be evenly divisible by 8, as explained in the textbook. You may need to do additional reading to understand the process if it is unclear to you – Forouzan is a good place to start.
Research and review appropriate materials, including the textbook, and answer the first two questions (a & b).
Study the two articles listed below – both are freely available on the Internet. You may use other references in addition to these, as needed. Then answer the remaining 3 questions (c, d & e).
Routing table of router R2:
Routing table of router R3:
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The total number of host can be calculated as 2(32-22) -2 = 1022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The total number of allocated address in the network is: 126+126+62+14 = 328 The total number of address that are available in the network is: 1022. Thus, the number of unallocated space in the network is: 1022-328 = 694 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5600-20 = 5580 1st Fragment size 1480 bytes Offset = 0 Byte range : 0 – 1479 2nd fragment size 1480 bytes Offset = 1480 Byte range = 1480 – 2959 3rd fragment size 1480 Offset = 2960 Byte range ; 2960 – 4439 4th fragment size 1140 (= 5580-1480-1480-1480) Offset = 4440 Byte range : 4440 - 5580 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment 1 offset = 0 Segment 2 offset = 1480 Segment 3 offset = 2960 Segment 4 offset = 4440 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The entire packet is divided into total 4 different packets and each packets size is 1480 where the sum of the total packets size is greater than the initial packet size. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Autonomous System- Autonomous System is characterized as an accumulation of IP that goes under the steering strategy and can be controlled by the gathering of system directors. An autonomous System Number (ASN) is doled out with a remarkable number for speaking with the switches in the system. Inter domain routing - It is utilized to set up the directing convention between the two unique systems of an independent framework. The switch data of a switch is imparted to another switch in a similar system and this require various passages to be crossed by the switch (Kralicek 2016). The switches are required to be arranged with fringe entryway convention for performing entomb area steering. Intra-domain routing - There are diverse directing conventions utilized for arranging a switch with intra area steering, for example, EIGRP, OSPF and so on. The course is distinguished to the switch utilizing which the switch can convey in the system and the primary concentration of the intra area steering is load adjusting. Autonomous System, Inter-domain routing, and Intra-domain routing are identified with each other on the grounds that the self-ruling framework is utilized by a system utilizing the IGP to achieve a system goal address (Bhandari 2017). The self-sufficient framework utilizes the BGP convention for bury space directing and association with the goal for building up the association. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The fundamental issue distinguished from the exploration papers are thee adaptability and the course addition in the switch and increment the strength and responsiveness of the system. With the development of the web the adaptability and the directing has turned into an issue and the system executive is required to screen the issues related with the system and deal with the system gadgets for settling the issues (Bhandari 2017). The system manager needs to embed a mysterious course to keep the system secure from outer assaults. The production of unknown course lessens the danger of DOS assaults and increment the trust between the sender and the beneficiary. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
With the usage of the installed steering numerous sensors can be actualized in the system and associated with web. A solitary dials up association is utilized for the interfacing the distinctive sensors of the system and it can likewise share the web on the cell gadget for expanding the adaptability of the system. The extensible directing is additionally utilized for associating private, adaptable and flexible system to increase most extreme benefit from the system. The closeness recognized for the installed and the extensible steering is that both the directing strategies can be connected for giving a versatile system (Marom and Blau 2015). The extensible steering can be connected in a system for advancement of a practical distributed computing answer for worldwide support and production of a cross stage arrangement. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Installed steering give portal to large number of Ethernet and remote gadgets with a solitary dial up gadget. Installed chip is utilized for DHCP and NAT so that different gadgets can be associated with an Embedded directing gadget. It is utilized to associate various sensors to a wired LAN with single dial up or cell passage. It is likewise used to share web from one cell gadget to every single other gadget associated with it without considering the distinctions in producer and merchants. Extensible directing is utilized to associate adaptable, private, effective and flexible systems with higher productivity. This is helpful in cloud and web of things. Significant similitude in both routings is that routings give top of the line answer for versatility, viability and execution with less support and high security (Clinton 2016). In any case, Extensible directing is able to use in distributed computing and gives financially savvy, incorporated, internationally bolstered and cross stage arrangement which is remote associated with sensors and gadgets those are all inclusive separated. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Directing as a Service can be utilized for tending to the issue or the difficulties confronted by the system chairmen with the current steering techniques. The steering as an administration is utilized for breaking down the undesired courses in the system utilizing the DHCP and NAT procedures (Kralicek 2016). The undesired courses can be dispensed with from a system utilizing way vector calculation and RSP. The usage of the get to control rundown is additionally viable in blocking clients from getting to the system assets and make a system with high caliber. The high caliber of system is produced by taking out the contentions in the doors and making the system achieve the goal address speedier and safely. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Place a value, with brief explanation, for (read question 5): Version: IPv6 Payload length: 0 Next header: 0 Hop limit:15 Source Address: 581E:14562314:ABCD:1211 Destination Address: 581E:14562314:ABCD:2211 |
Bhandari, B., 2017. Analysis of market trends in mobility and possible next steps.
Clinton, D., 2016. Topic 109: Networking Fundamentals. In Practical LPIC-1 Linux Certification Study Guide (pp. 125-140). Apress.
Kralicek, E., 2016. DNS, DHCP, IPv4, and IPv6. In The Accidental SysAdmin Handbook (pp. 189-201). Apress.
Marom, D.M. and Blau, M., 2015. Switching solutions for WDM-SDM optical networks. IEEE Communications Magazine, 53(2), pp.60-68.
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